{"id":1679,"date":"2021-04-22T15:35:04","date_gmt":"2021-04-22T15:35:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ebi.gov.et\/?page_id=1679"},"modified":"2025-04-25T15:11:41","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T12:11:41","slug":"crop-horticulture-biodiversity-research","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/am\/departments\/crop-horticulture-biodiversity-research\/","title":{"rendered":"\u12e8\u12a0\u12dd\u12d5\u122d\u1275\u1293 \u1206\u122d\u1272\u12ab\u120d\u1278\u122d \u1265\u12dd\u1200 \u1215\u12ed\u12c8\u1275 \u121d\u122d\u121d\u122d"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1679\" class=\"elementor elementor-1679\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-19aacbf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"19aacbf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-747293b\" data-id=\"747293b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-094588c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"094588c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Background<\/h3>\nEthiopia is one of the eight Vavilovian centers of diversity or one of the twelve mega-centers of biodiversity. The country\u2019s enormous wealth in crop genetic resources is attributed to its macro and micro climatic variability, altitudinal variation, variation in physio-geographic features and diverse farming systems. The country also has vast cultural diversity, which have also contributed for the existing crop genetic resource diversity and associated community indigenous knowledge and innovations.\n\nEthiopia is a centre of origin for many cultivated plants such as tef (Eragrostis tef), noug (Guizotia abyssinica), Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata), enset (Ensete ventricosum), anchote (Coccinia abyssinica), Ethiopian potato Plectranthus edulis)\u00a0and coffee (Coffea arabica). The country is also a centre of diversity for crop plants such as durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), pea (Pisum sativum), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), chickpea (Cicer arietinum), and lentil (Lens culinaris).\n\nIt is generally recognized that genetic diversity of crops is essential for sustainable agricultural production and food security. Genetic diversity of crops can increase productivity, food security, and economic returns, make farming systems more stable and sustainable, contribute to sustainable intensification and reduce dependency on external inputs. Genetic diversity in crops is also required to sustain genetic improvement for polygenic traits, such as yield. Maintaining diversity within agricultural systems makes the system more resilient to climate induced events or other shocks. The state of crop diversity is affected by direct and indirect pressures such as demographic change (population pressure), displacement of local varieties by other crops \/improved varities, shift to market oriented crop production, pests and disease, drought and invasive alien species. Hence they need to be conserved and put to use.\n\nSince the establishment of the Institute in 1976, systematic crop germplasm exploration, collection and conservation activities have been undertaken. Presently the Crop and Horticulture Biodiversity Research Lead Executive Office is one of the l<span style=\"font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400;\">ead executive offices<\/span>\u00a0in the Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute which deals with the conservation and sustainable utilization of crop and horticulture genetic resources. These resources include cereals, pulses, oil crops, root and tuber crops, spices, stimulates, fruits, flowers, vegetables and industrial crops. These crops contribute significantly for food and lively security of the people.\n<h4><strong>Duties and responsibilities<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ol>\n \t<li>Explore and collect field and horticultural crop genetic resources<\/li>\n \t<li>Conserve the country\u2019s crop genetic resources using appropriate conservation methods<\/li>\n \t<li>Characterize and evaluate field and horticultural crops to enhance their utilization and conservation<\/li>\n \t<li>Establish and managing new field genebank and on farm conservation sites for effective conservation of crop genetic resources<\/li>\n \t<li>Distribute crop and horticulture germplasm to different users<\/li>\n \t<li>Restore farmers\u2019 varieties in their original collection areas<\/li>\n \t<li>Distribute conserved crop genetic resources to users (researchers, breeders, farmers)<\/li>\n \t<li>Conduct conservation based research<\/li>\n \t<li>Conduct awareness raising on crop diversity, their conservation and use<\/li>\n \t<li>Collect and document the indigenous knowledge associated with use and management of farmers\u2019 varieties<\/li>\n \t<li>Study the status and trends of the country\u2019s crop biodiversity<\/li>\n<\/ol>\nThe lead executive office is divided in to four case teams. These are: Genebank case team, Characterization and evaluation case team, On-farm conservation and community seed bank case team, and Field genebank case team.\n<h4><strong>Genebank case team<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h4><em>Achievements\u00a0<\/em><\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>A total of 76802 accessions belonging to 62 species have been collected and conserved in the cold rooms and field genebank.<\/li>\n \t<li>About 167, 000 accessions of different plant species distributed to different users.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><em>Facilities<\/em><\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Cold rooms (Four cold rooms -10 \u00baC capacity of nearly 350 m<sup>3<\/sup>, One cold room +4 \u00baC with a capacity of 50 m<sup>3<\/sup>), seed processing, drying, germination testing facilities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><em>Future plan<\/em><\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Duplicate conserved seeds in duplicate genebank, establishes core collection,\nPhysical verification of germplasm in genebank and inventory, distribute genetic materials with known traits, and standardize the genebank.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Characterization and evaluation case team<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h4><em>Achievements<\/em><\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>7250 accessions have been characterized using morphological traits.<\/li>\n \t<li>More than 3000 accessions have been analysed for nutrition content.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><em>Facilities<\/em><\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Nutrition, Biochemical and seed health testing laboratories.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><em>Future plan<\/em><\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Align the characterization data with the genebank database, evaluate conserved genetic materials for desirable traits, promote genetic resources with desirable traits, modernize the nutrition, molecular and seed health laboratories<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>On farm conservation and community seed bank case team<\/h4>\n<h4><em>Achievements<\/em><\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Twenty one on farm conservation sites and community seed banks have been established, and crop conservation associations are organized<\/li>\n \t<li>Inventory and survey on the status of Farmer\u2019s varieties have been conducted<\/li>\n \t<li>Training to farmers and other stakeholder were conducted<\/li>\n \t<li>Restoration of some conserved crop genetic resources have been conducted<\/li>\n \t<li>Different endangered and locally adapted farmers varieties have been conserved on farm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><em>Facilities<\/em><\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Community seed storing facilities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><em>Future plan<\/em><\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Strengthen existing on farms sites and establish new ones, conduct participatory variety selection, enhance farmers varieties , document indigenous knowledge, Restore farmers varieties, create market linkage to selected crops,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Field genebank case team<\/strong><\/h4>\nThe case team is mandated to undertake collection and conservation of horticultural genetic resources. Farmers often adopt new varieties and cease growing the varieties that they were used to grow and eventually lose these varieties. The wild species are also threatened with extinction as their habitats are destroyed by human activities. Hence, conservation and sustainable utilization of the available horticultural crops diversity is imperative supply raw materials for crop improvement programs and to ensure food and livelihood security at local and national level.\n\nMany important horticultural crops produce recalcitrant seed or reproduce vegetatively. The field gene bank is one of the ex\u00a0<em>situ\u00a0<\/em>conservation facility where clonal materials and species with recalcitrant seed storage behavior are conserved as living collections. Germplasm conservation in field gene bank involves the collecting of germplasm from farmers\u2019 field, home garden and wild and transferring and planting the collected germplasm in other site. In field gene banks the plant genetic resources are kept as live plants that undergo continuous growth and require continuous management. Planting and harvesting often carried out every season for the annual and biannual crops. Appropriate cultural practices are also applied in different growth stages of the crop. Plants are planted with proper field lay out and labels are placed to avoid mixing up of conserved accessions. Currently, four field gene banks established by the Ethiopian Biodiversity to conserve horticultural biodiversity.\u00a0 Many root and tuber crops, Arabica coffee and spices are conserved are being conserved in field gene bank. Often, germplasm collection is prioritized on the basis of economic importance, genetic diversity, level of threats and endemicity.\n<h4><strong>Achievements<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Four field gene banks were established in different parts of the country<\/li>\n \t<li>5469 Arabica coffee, 705 root and tuber crops and 348 spices are collected and conserved in the field gene bank<\/li>\n \t<li>A number of accessions conserved has been distributed to various users<\/li>\n \t<li>Inventory of species holding of field gene banks has been conducted<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Service currently provided by the case team<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Distribute conserved germplasm for users<\/li>\n \t<li>Awareness raising<\/li>\n \t<li>Joint germplasm collection with national research centers to link conservation with research<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Choche field gene bank<\/strong><\/h4>\nChoche field gene bank is located in Oromia Regional State in Jimma Zone, Goma Woreda near Agaro town at approximately 1500 masl, at 7<sup>o<\/sup>54\u2019 N and 36<sup>o<\/sup>39\u2019 E. It has a total area of 21 hectares. The field gene bank was established three decades ago mainly for conserving coffee genetic resources of the country. Currently, however, 10 species of 5557 accessions of horticultural genetic resources are being conserved in the field gene bank.\n<h4><strong>Bedesa field gene bank<\/strong><\/h4>\nBedessa field gene bank was established in 2002 primarily for conserving Harar coffee genetic resources. The field gene bank is located in Oromia Regional State, West Harerghe Zone, Odda Buletum\u00a0 Woreda near Bedessa town, at 8<sup>o<\/sup>53? N and 40<sup>o<\/sup>46? E. It has a total land area of 7.8 hectares. Currently, a total of 807 Harar coffee accessions are being conserved in the field gene bank. Further collection will also be conducted to address areas and farmers\u2019 varieties that were not addressed in previous collection missions.\n<h4><strong>Yayo field gene bank<\/strong><\/h4>\nYayo field gene bank was established in 2015 to conserve the ever declining wild Arabica coffee genetic resources of the country. The field gene bank is located in Yayo woreda, Ilu Ababora zone of the Oromia Regional State. It has total land area of3.6 hectares. Currently, 350 plants of wild Arabica coffee collection are being conserved in the field gene bank. The field gene bank will be used to conserve wild Arabica coffee genetic resources of the country. Hence, future collection programs will target all areas that are believed to harbor wild Arabica coffee.\n<h4><strong>Angacha field gene bank<\/strong><\/h4>\nThe field gene bank was established in 2013 in South Nation and Nationality People Region, Kembata Tembaro Zone Angacha wereda. The field genebank was mainly established the ever declining \u00a0diversity of \u00a0enset. The field genebank has a total land area of 2.08 ha. Currently more than \u00a088 farmers mamed clones of enset are conserved. Additional clones will be collected and conserved from the areas that were not addressed in the previous collection missions.\n<h4><strong>Future plan<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Strengthen existing field gene banks<\/li>\n \t<li>Establish new field gene banks to conserve the declining horticultural genetic resources<\/li>\n \t<li>Identify areas and crops that were not addressed in previous collection missions Document indigenous knowledge<\/li>\n \t<li>Distribute conserved germplasm samples to users<\/li>\n \t<li>Conduct awareness raising campaign<\/li>\n \t<li>Produce catalogue and brochures<\/li>\n \t<li>Conduct research on the conserved accessions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Research activities<\/strong><\/h4>\nDifferent research activities which contribute to efficient management and utilization of crop genetic resources have been carried by the lead executive office. The recent ones include:\n<h4><strong>Journal <\/strong><\/h4>\n<ol>\n \t<li>Sintayehu Admas, Teklehaimanot Haileselassie, Kassahun Tesfaye, Eleni Shiferaw, K. Colton Flynn (2021). Evaluation of chickpea (<em>Cicer arietinum<\/em> L.) Genotypes for tolerance to Frost in controlled environment. SINET: Ethiop. J. Sci<em>.<\/em> 44(2):151\u2013160. DOI: https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.4314\/sinet.v44i2.2<\/li>\n \t<li>Sintayehu Admas, Kassahun Tesfaye, Teklehaimanot Haileselassie, Eleni Shiferaw, and K. Colton Flynn. (2121). Genetic Variability and population structure of Ethiopian chickpea (<em>Cicer arietinum<\/em> L.) germplasm. <em>PLoS ONE<\/em> 16(11):e0260651. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0260651\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0260651<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Sintayehu Admas, Teklehaimanot Haileselassie, Kassahun Tesfaye, Eleni Shiferaw, K. Colton Flynn (2021). Evaluation of Ethiopian chickpea (<em>Cicer arietinum<\/em> L.) genotypes for frost tolerance. <em>Acta agriculturae Slovenica<\/em> 117\/2:1-14. DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.14720\/aas.2021.117.2.2079\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.14720\/aas.2021.117.2.2079<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Sintayehu Admas, Kassahun Tesfaye, Teklehaimanot Haileselassie, Eleni Shiferaw &amp; Colton Flynn (2021). Phenotypic Variability of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) Germplasm with Temporally Varied Collection from the Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. <em>Cogent Food &amp; Agriculture<\/em> 7:1 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23311932.2021.1896117\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23311932.2021.1896117<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Flynn, K. C., Frazier, A. E., and Sintayehu Admas (2020). Nutrient Prediction for Tef (<em>Eragrostis tef<\/em>) Plant and Grain with Hyperspectral Data and Partial Least Squares Regression: Replicating Methods and Results across Environments.\u00a0<em>Remote Sensing<\/em>,\u00a0<em>12<\/em>(18), 2867 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs12182867\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs12182867<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Flynn, K. C., Frazier, A. E., and Sintayehu Admas (2020). Performance of chlorophyll prediction indices for <em>Eragrostis tef<\/em> at Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat-8 OLI spectral resolutions.\u00a0<em>Precision Agriculture<\/em>, 1-15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11119-020-09708-4<\/li>\n \t<li>Sintayehu Admas, Kassahun Tesfaye and T\/hymanot Haileselassie (2018). Application of advanced genomics for conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources. <em>Journal of Environmental &amp; Agricultural Sciences<\/em> 17: 30-41<\/li>\n \t<li>Sintayehu Admas and Kassahun Tesfaye (2017) Genotype-by-environment interaction and yield stability analysis in sorghum (<em>Sorghum bicolor<\/em> (L.) Moench) genotypes in North Shewa, Ethiopia. <em>Agriculture and Environment<\/em> 9:82-94. DOI: 10.1515\/ausae-2017-0008<\/li>\n \t<li>Sintayehu Admas and Gize Abeje (2017) Phenotypic diversity studies in chickpea (<em>Cicer arietinum<\/em> L.) Germplasm of Ethiopian collections. <em>International Journal of Current Research<\/em> 9(03):48506-4851248506-48512. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.journalcra.co\">http:\/\/www.journalcra.co<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Sintayehu Admas (2016) <a href=\"https:\/\/ideas.repec.org\/a\/pkp\/tijobi\/2016p62-68.html\">Review of Biological Impacts of Genetically Engineered Crops and Neonicotinoid Treated Seed Use on Staten Island<\/a>. <em>The International Journal of Biotechnology<\/em> 5(4): 62-68: DOI: 10.18488\/journal.57\/2016.5.4\/57.4.62.68<\/li>\n \t<li>Sintayehu Admas and Kifle Dagne (2009). Meiotic Behaviour 0f Eragrostis tef amd E. pilosa. Africa Crop Science Journal 16 (4):237-241.<\/li>\n \t<li>Sintayehu Admas and Getachew Belay (2011) Variation for Drought-Resistance Traits in <em>Eragrostis tef <\/em>X<em> E. pilosa<\/em> Inbred Lines. <em>Afri.J.Agri.Res<\/em> 6(16): 3636-3645<\/li>\n \t<li>Jemal Mohammed. The Role of Genetic Diversity to Enhance Ecosystem Service. <em>American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics<\/em>. Vol. 5, No. 3, 2019, pp. 46-51. doi: 10.11648\/j.ajbes.20190503.13<\/li>\n \t<li>Jemal Mohammed. Challenges in Implementing Biodiversity Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa Region. <em>American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics<\/em>. Vol. 6, No. 2, 2020, pp. 24-30. doi: 10.11648\/j.ajbes.20200602.12<\/li>\n \t<li>Delessa Angassa, Jemal Mohammed. Genetic Diversity Assessment of Ethiopian Landrace Barley (<em>Hordeum Vulgare <\/em>(L.)) Genotypes Through Multivariate Analysis. <em>American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics. <\/em>Vol. 7, No. 3, 2021, pp. 67-73.\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">doi: 10.11648\/j.ajbes.20210703.12<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>Delessa Angassa, Jemal Mohammed. Agro-morphological Variability Study of Ethiopian Barley (<em>Hordeum vulgare <\/em>L.) Accessions for Their Important Agronomical Traits at Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia. <em>Journal of Plant Sciences<\/em>. Vol. 10, No. 1, 2022, pp. 19-25.\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">doi: 10.11648\/j.jps.20221001.13<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>MOHAMMED, J., MOHAMMED, W. and SHIFERAW, E., 2020. Correlation and path coefficient analysis among agro-morphological and biochemical traits of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] genotypes in Ethiopia.\u00a0<em>Acta agriculturae Slovenica<\/em>,\u00a0<em>115<\/em>(2), pp.329-339.<\/li>\n \t<li>Assefa, M., F. Sileshi, N. Bacha, and K. Gutu. 2018. Seedling resistance of selected Ethiopian bread and durum wheat lines against dominant stem rust races Seedling resistance of selected Ethiopian bread and durum wheat lines against dominant stem rust races. (January 2021). doi: 10.1007\/s42161-018-0157-0.<\/li>\n \t<li>Woubit, D.B., S. Eleni, S. Fitsum, A. Mekonnen, and A. Shimeles. 2021.\u00a0 Assessment of genetic diversity and wilt disease resistance in hot pepper ( Capsicum annuum ) germplasm from Ethiopia . Biodivers. Res. Conserv. 63(1): 31\u201340. doi: 10.2478\/biorc-2021-0006.<\/li>\n \t<li>Evaluating the Role of Temperature on the Germination of &#8230;<a style=\"font-size: 14px; background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"%0d20%20Evaluating%20the%20Role%20of%20Temperature%20on%20the%20Germination%20of%20...%0dhttps:\/ideas.repec.org\u00a0\u203a%20journl%20\u203a%20v7y2018i4p115-116%0d\">https:\/\/ideas.repec.org\u00a0\u203a journl \u203a v7y2018i4p115-116<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Negewo\u00a0\u00b7\u00a02018\u00a0\u00b7\u00a0Cited by 1\u00a0\u2014\u00a0<em>Abebe Sori Negewo<\/em>,\u00a0<em>2018<\/em>. &#8220;<em>Evaluating the Role of Temperature on the Germination of Sesame<\/em>\u00a0(<em>Sesamum indicum L<\/em>.),&#8221; International Journal o<\/li>\n \t<li>Bishaw Baye and Wubshet Teshome. The role Indigenous Knowledge in Agricultural Farming practices: the case of Gonder and Gojam area, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences Volume 7, Issue 12 , 2020,pp. 106-112<\/li>\n \t<li>Dessalegn Anshiso, Wubeshet Teshome. Economic Value of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Conservation at Bale Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia. American Journal of Business, Economics and Management. Vol. 6, No. 4, 2018, pp. 104-109.<u><a href=\"%0b%0d24%20Correlation%20and%20Path%20Analysis%20Among%20Agro-Morphological%20...%0dhttps:\/iiste.org\u00a0\u203a%20JBAH%20\u203a%20article%20\u203a%20download%0d\">\n<\/a><\/u><\/li>\n \t<li>Correlation and Path Analysis Among Agro-Morphological &#8230;<a style=\"font-size: 14px; background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"%0b%0d24%20Correlation%20and%20Path%20Analysis%20Among%20Agro-Morphological%20...%0dhttps:\/iiste.org\u00a0\u203a%20JBAH%20\u203a%20article%20\u203a%20download%0d\">https:\/\/iiste.org\u00a0\u203a JBAH \u203a article \u203a download<\/a>\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Jun 30, 2021\u00a0\u2014\u00a0<\/span><em style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Correlation<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span><em style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Path Analysis Among Agro<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">&#8211;<\/span><em style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Morphological<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\u00a0and.\u00a0<\/span><em style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Nutritional Composition<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\u00a0of\u00a0<\/span><em style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">White Lupine<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\u00a0(<\/span><em style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Lupinus albus L<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">.) Chaltu Beyene Yimer1.\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"font-size: 14px; background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"%0dgenetic%20variation%20among%20white%20lupin%20(lupinus%20albus%20l%20...%0dhttps:\/academicjournals.org\u00a0\u203a%20JPBCS%20\u203a%20article-abstract%0d\">genetic variation among white lupin (lupinus albus l &#8230;<\/a>\u00a0<a style=\"font-size: 14px; background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"%0dgenetic%20variation%20among%20white%20lupin%20(lupinus%20albus%20l%20...%0dhttps:\/academicjournals.org\u00a0\u203a%20JPBCS%20\u203a%20article-abstract%0d\">https:\/\/academicjournals.org\u00a0\u203a JPBCS \u203a article-abstract<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Beyene\u00a0\u00b7\u00a02020\u00a0\u00b7\u00a0Cited by 2\u00a0\u2014\u00a0<em>landraces<\/em>\u00a0from\u00a0<em>Northwestern<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>Southern Ethiopia<\/em>\u00a0for\u00a0<em>agronomic traits<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>nutrient contents<\/em>\u00a0of\u00a0<em>grain<\/em>. Chaltu Beyene.<\/li>\n \t<li>Correlation and Path Coefficent Analysis of Pod Yield and &#8230;\u00a0<a style=\"font-size: 14px; background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"%0d26%20%20Correlation%20and%20Path%20Coefficent%20Analysis%20of%20Pod%20Yield%20and%20...%0dhttps:\/www.ijert.org\u00a0\u203a%20research%20\u203a%20correlation-and-...%0d\">https:\/\/www.ijert.org\u00a0\u203a research \u203a correlation-and-&#8230;<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li><em>Correlation<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>Path Coefficent Analysis<\/em>\u00a0of\u00a0<em>Pod<\/em>.\u00a0<em>Yield<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>Related Traits<\/em>\u00a0of\u00a0<em>Okra<\/em>\u00a0[<em>Abelmoschus<\/em>.\u00a0<em>Esculentus<\/em>\u00a0(<em>L<\/em>.)\u00a0<em>Moench<\/em>]\u00a0<em>Genotypes Evaluated<\/em>\u00a0at.\u00a0<em>Melkassa<\/em>&#8230;\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">10 pages<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>Wubeshet Teshome<sup>1 <\/sup>*, Nesru Temam<sup>2 <\/sup>and Delessa Angassa<sup>3<\/sup>. Economic Valuation of Anchote (Cocciniaa byssinica(Lam.) Cogn) by estimating willingness to pay for conservation and sustainable utilization at East Wellega, Ethiopia . International Journal of Modern Chemistry and Applied Science, 2017, 4(3),548-554<\/li>\n \t<li>Nesru Temam,<sup>1<\/sup> Wassu Mohamed,<sup>2 <\/sup>Shimelis Aklilu<sup>3 <\/sup>(.2020) Agro morphological Characterization and Evaluation of Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] Genotypes for Yield and Other Variability Components at Melkassa, Central Ethiopia. MOJ Ecology &amp; Environmental Sciences. Volume 5 Issue 2 \u2013 2020<\/li>\n \t<li>Nesru Temam1* , Wassu Mohammed and Shimelis Aklilu3. Evaluation of Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] Genetic Variability at Melkassa, Central Ethiopia.(2020) Int.J.Curr.Res.Aca.Rev.2020; 8(10): 71-85 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ijcrar.com\">http:\/\/www.ijcrar.com<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Gemechu ORDOFA JARA 1 * , Wubishet TESHOME GEBRETSADIK 2 , Nesru TEMAM HAJIFATO 2. (2021) HOUSEHOLDS\u2019 WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR THE CONSERVATION OF NOUG: A CASE STUDY .Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics Acta Oeconomica , Vol. XXIV, Issue 2, 2021: 37-48 RAAE doi: 10.15414\/raae<\/li>\n \t<li>Wubeshet Teshome, Nesru Temam. Valuing local bread wheat farmer\u2019s varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) for conservation and sustainable utilization in goro and agarfa CSBs, bale zone OF Oromiya regional state. MOJ Ecology &amp; Environmental Sciences. Volume 6 Issue 5 \u2013 2021<\/li>\n \t<li>Hindawi International Journal of Agronomy Volume 2021, Article ID 6678561, 6 pages https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/6678561<\/li>\n \t<li>Nesru Temam ,<sup>1<\/sup>\u00a0Wassu Mohammed,<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0and\u00a0Shimelis Aklilu<sup>3\u00a0<\/sup><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">(2021) Variability Assessment of Okra (<\/span><em style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Abelmoschus esculentus<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\u00a0(L.) Moench) Genotypes Based on Their Qualitative Traits. Hindawi International Journal of Agronomy Volume 2021, Article ID 6678561, 6 pages https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/6678561<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>Wubshet Teshome. Determination of Nitrogen fertilizer Requirement of Durum Wheat on Growth and Grain Yield At Butajira Ethiopia. Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci. (2020). 7(3): 7-16<\/li>\n \t<li>Benti Ofga, Yohannis Petros. Genetic Variability and Association Among Agronomic Characters in Selected Field Pea (Pisumsativum L.) Genotypes at Bale Zone, Sinana Research Center, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics. Vol. 5, No. 6, 2017, pp. 63-75. doi: 10.11648\/j.ijgg.20170506.11<\/li>\n \t<li>Benti Ofga. Comparing Yield Performance and Morpho-agronomic Characters of Landraces and Released Varieties of Field Pea (Pisumsativum L.) at Agarfa and Goro Woredas, Bale Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics. Vol. 7, No. 3, 2019, pp. 34-49. doi: 10.11648\/j.ijgg.20190703.11<\/li>\n \t<li>Benti Ofga\u00a0 ,Nigusu Girma . Evaluating Yield Performance and Morpho-agronomic Characters of Landraces and Released Varieties of selected Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes at Bale Zone, Agarfa Woreda, Oromia Region,Ethiopia.Global scientific Journal. Volume 9, Issue 9, September 2021, 10.11216\/gsj.2021.10.54054. Online: ISSN 2320-9186 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.globalscientificjournal.com.EOI\">www.globalscientificjournal.com.EOI<\/a>;<\/li>\n \t<li>Benti Ofga (MSc.),Tegene Regasa(BSc.). Traditional Medicinal Plants and Their Uses In Shefari\u2019o Kebele,Goba Woreda ,Bale Zone,Oromia Regional ,Ethiopia. GSJ: Volume 9, Issue 10, October 202110.11216\/gsj.2021.10.55054. ISSN 2320-9186<a href=\"http:\/\/www.globalscientificjournal.com.EOI\">www.globalscientificjournal.com.EOI<\/a>; .<\/li>\n \t<li>Benti Ofga. Analysis Of Mung Bean Value Chain In The Case Of Delo Mena District, Bale Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. GSJ: Volume 9, Issue 10, October 2021.10.11216\/gsj.2021.10.54002, Online: ISSN 2320-9186 <u>www.globalscientificjournal.com<\/u><\/li>\n \t<li>Nigusu Girma,Mesfin Boja.Conservation And Harvesting Challenges Of Medicinal Plants And Documenting Their Associated Indigenous Knowledge (Ik) In Goba, Dinsho And Dello Mena Districts Of Bale Zone South East Ethiopia. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), July 2021, Volume 8, Issue 3 <u>www.ijrar.org<\/u> (E-ISSN 2348-1269, P- ISSN 2349-5138)<\/li>\n \t<li>Wubeshet Teshome1 and Dessalegn Anshiso2* Assessment of Production and Utilization of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) at the Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics &amp; Sociology 31(3): 1-12, 2019; Article no.AJAEES.47315 ISSN: 2320-7027<\/li>\n \t<li>Seblework Belaineh -, (2020\u00a0) Aframomum Corrorima\u00a0Storage Behavior\u00a0Status And Its Use As A Plant In The Community.\u00a0. \u00a0GSJ: Volume 8, Issue 9, September 2020, Online &#8211; Documents &#8230;\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">https:\/\/vdocuments.mx\u00a0\u203a Documents\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"font-size: 14px; background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"%0d11%20International%20Journal%20of%20Agriculture%20And%20Veterinary%20...%20-%20iaard.net%0dhttp:\/www.iaard.net\u00a0\u203a%20images%20\u203a%20IAARD-Journals-...%0d\">9\u00a0 International Journal of Agriculture And Veterinary &#8230; &#8211; iaard.net<\/a>\u00a0<a style=\"font-size: 14px; background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"%0d11%20International%20Journal%20of%20Agriculture%20And%20Veterinary%20...%20-%20iaard.net%0dhttp:\/www.iaard.net\u00a0\u203a%20images%20\u203a%20IAARD-Journals-...%0d\">http:\/\/www.iaard.net\u00a0\u203a images \u203a IAARD-Journals-&#8230;<\/a>\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">IAARD\u00a0Journals. eISSN:2456-009X &#8230;\u00a0Seblework Belaineh. Page No.55. Seed\u00a0Storage behavior\u00a0of wild and cultivated enset (Enset Ventricosum) and..<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>Seblework Belaineh. Page No.51.\u00a0Storage behavior study on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L,).\u00a0Seblework Belaineh. 12\u00a0 AARD\u00a0Journals. eISSN:2456-009X<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">5.Nov 1, 2004\u00a0\u2014\u00a0Keywords:\u00a0Storage behavior, Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae) long-term conservation. *Corresponding Author:\u00a0Seblework Belaineh, Ethiopian\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>Abebe Sori Negewo1!.Evaluating the Role of Temperature on the Germination of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.).International journal of scince.volume 7_2018,(04)<\/li>\n \t<li>Wubeshet Teshome and \u00a0\u00a0 Tenaw Workayehu\u00a0 ( 2017 ) Effect of Compost on Agronomic Treat of Durum Wheat (Triticum Durum Turgidum L.) at Meskan Woreda, SNNPR, Ethiopia. International Journal of Agriculture And Veterinary Sciences<\/li>\n \t<li>Solomon Mengistu. Preliminary Screening of Maize Accessions Against Common Rust Disease (<em>Puccinia sorghi <\/em>Schw) in Arsi Negele District, Ethiopia American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2021; 9(3): 75-80 http:\/\/www.sciencepublishinggroup.com\/j\/biodoi: 10.11648\/j.bio.20210903.13ISSN: 2328-5885 (Print); ISSN: 2328-5893<\/li>\n \t<li>Bekele Kindie1* and Tahir Abdala2* Review on Investigate the Growth Responses of Rooting and Shooting Performance of <em>Populus<\/em> alba Cuttings Grown in Hydroponic and Soil Cultures Environments Research &amp; Reviews: Journal of Botanical Sciences e-ISSN:2320-0189\u00a0 p-ISSN:2347-2308<\/li>\n \t<li>Kassahun Tesfaye, Solomon Mengistu. Maize germplasm agro-morphological trait characterization based on heritability and expected genetic advance analysis under Ethiopian conditionsMedCrave, Biodiversity International Journal <em>Biodiversity Int J. <\/em>2021;5(2):47\u201250. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/335444805_Diversity_Study_of_Some_Ethiopian_Barley_Hordeum_Vulgare_L_Accessions_for_Their_Agronomical_Important_Traits\">\nhttps:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/335444805_Diversity_Study_of_Some_Ethiopian_Barley_Hordeum_Vulgare_L_Accessions_for_Their_Agronomical_Important_Traits<\/a>. 2019<\/li>\n \t<li>Bekele Kindie*, Chala Tamiru, Tahir Abdala.Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants and Conservation Status Used to Treat Human and\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Livestock Ailments in Fadis District, Eastern Ethiopia International Journal of Homeopathy &amp; Natural Medicines\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">2021; 7(1): 7-17 <\/span><a style=\"font-size: 14px; background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencepublishinggroup.com\/j\/ijhnm\">http:\/\/www.sciencepublishinggroup.com\/j\/ijhnm<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\"> doi: 10.11648\/j.ijhnm.20210701.12 ISSN: 2472-2308 (Print); ISSN: 2472-2316<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>Chala Tamiru Assessments impact of an invasive alien weed species on indigenous species and its management practices in eastern Hararghe, Ethiopia\u00a0 International Journal of Research in Agronomy E-ISSN: 2618-0618\u00a0\u00a0 P-ISSN: 2618-060X<\/li>\n \t<li>Debissa Lemessa and Eleni Shiferaw (2021). Evaluation of germination pretreatment and composition of some nutrients in <em>Eriosema cordifolium<\/em>: an overlooked wild edible plant in Ethiopia. (Short communication). Ethiopian Journal of Biodiversity 2(1):97-102.<\/li>\n \t<li>Dawit Bedane Woubit, Shiferaw Eleni, Sileshi Fitsum , Assefa Mekonnen &amp; Aklilu Shimeles (2021). Assessment of genetic diversity and wilt disease resistance in hot pepper (<em>Capsicum annuum<\/em>) germplasm from Ethiopia. Biodiversity: Research and Conservation. 63: 31-40, 2021. DOI 10.2478\/biorc-2021-0006.<\/li>\n \t<li>Eleni Shiferaw (2021). Analysis of gliadin patterns and diversity in <em>Triticum polonicum\u00a0<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">(L.) accessions from Ethiopia. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica. 117\/1, 1\u20136 doi:10.14720\/aas.2021.117.1.1935.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>Henok Ayelign,\u00a0Eleni Shiferaw,\u00a0and\u00a0Faris Hailu (2020). Genetic variation in common bean (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris<\/em>\u00a0L.) using seed protein markers. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment, 12(1) 58-69. DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/ausae-2020-0005.<\/li>\n \t<li>Zerihun Teshome, Meseret Tesema Terfa, Bizuayehu Tesfaye, Eleni Shiferaw, Temesgen Magule Olango (2020). Genetic diversity in anchote (<em>Coccinia abyssinica<\/em>\u00a0(Lam.) Cogn) using microsatellite markers. Current Plant Biology. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpb.2020.100167\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpb.2020.100167<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Jemal Mohammed, Wassu Mohammed, Eleni Shiferaw (2020). Correlation and path coefficient analysis among agro-morphological and biochemical traits of okra [<em>Abelmoschus esculentus<\/em> (L.) Moench] genotypes in Ethiopia. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, 115\/2, 329\u2013339. doi:10.14720\/aas.2020.115.2.1411.<\/li>\n \t<li>Eleni Shiferaw, M. E. Pe`, E. Porceddu, M. Ponnaiah (2017). Application of CAPS markers for diversity assessment in grass pea (<em>Lathyrus sativus<\/em> L.). Biodiversity: Conservation and Research 48: 11\u201318; DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/biorc-2017-0012\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/biorc-2017-0012<\/a>.<\/li>\n \t<li>Tesfaye Woldesemayate, Kassahun Tesfaye, Eleni Shiferaw and Tesfaye Awas (2016). Assessing genetic diversity and population structure of thyme (<em>Thymus schimperi<\/em> RONNIGER) in Eastern, Central and Northern highlands of Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Development (JAD): [48] \u20136 (1). 1-29.<\/li>\n \t<li>Dimiru Tilahun, Eleni Shiferaw, Eva Johansson, and Faris Hailu (2016).Genetic variability of Ethiopian bread wheat genotypes (<em>Triticum aestivum<\/em> L.) using agro-morphological traits and their gliadin content. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 11(5), 330-339.<\/li>\n \t<li>Seid Ebrahim, Eleni Shiferaw and Faris Hailu (2015). Evaluation of genetic diversity in barley (<em>Hordeum vulgare<\/em> L.) from Wollo highland areas using agro-morphological traits and hordein. African Journal of Biotechnology. 14(22), 1886-1896<\/li>\n \t<li>Fekere Fugaro and Melese Maryo. 2018 . Ehino botanical study of Wild Edible Plants in Kedida Gamella Woreda, Kamibata Tembaro Zone SNNPRS, Ethiopia. International journal of modern pharmaceutical research.,2 (5),01-09.<\/li>\n \t<li>Fekere Fugaro and Melese bekela, 2021. Ehino botanical study of Medicinal Plants in Kedida Gamella Woreda, Kamibata Tembaro Zone SNNPRS, Ethiopia International journal of modern pharmaceutical research.,42(5),01-14.<\/li>\n \t<li>Addis Tadesse, 2021. Seasonal Analysis of Maize Production Using DSSAT-CERES model in Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Journal of climatology and weather forcasting, vol. 9; 291.<\/li>\n \t<li>Addis Tadesse, Endale Taye; Teshome Mesfin, Alemseged Yelma and Sisay Eshetu, 2016. Management of Desmodium for efficient Weed control and soil moisture conservation to improve the production of Coffee Arabica at Gera, Southwest Ethiopia. World Journal of Biology and Medical Sciences Published by Society for Advancement of Science, ISSN 2349-0063 (Online\/Electronic) Vol-3:93-100.<\/li>\n \t<li>Addis Tadesse, Endale Taye, Alemseged Yelma and Teshome Mesfine, 2016. Intercropping of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) with Korerima (Aframomum korarima) in South-Western Ethiopia World Journal of Biology and Medical Sciences Published by Society for Advancement of Science\u00ae ISSN 2349-0063 (Online\/Electronic) Volume 3, Issue- 1, 43-49.<\/li>\n \t<li>Addis Tadesse, and Hea Koo Kim, 2015. Yield-Related Traits and Yield of Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.) affected by Nitrogen Levels to achieve maximum yield in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Journal of Biology, Agriculture, and Healthcare. Vol: 12.<\/li>\n \t<li>Addis Tadesse; Hea Koo Kim and Adugna Debela, 2015. Calibration of Nitrogen Fertilizer for Quality Protein Maize (<em>Zea mays L.<\/em>) Based On In-Season Estimated Yield Using a Handheld NDVI Sensor in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. ABC research house Asian Pacific Journal of energy and environment. Vol: 2:1.<\/li>\n \t<li>Addis Tadesse; Endale Taye, and Teshome Mesfine, 2015. Effect of Temporary Shade Tree Species on Growth Performance of Newly Transplanted Arabica coffee Seedlings at Jimma Agricultural Research Centre. Journal of Biology, Agriculture, and Healthcare.<\/li>\n \t<li>Addis Tadesse, 2020. Crop production under changing climate and potential adaptation strategies. International Journal for Research in Agricultural and Food Science ISSN: 2208-2719.<\/li>\n \t<li>Addis Tadesse, 2019. \u2018Concepts and Types of Plant Growth Hormones and their role in Field Crop Production, international journal of research in agriculture and food<\/li>\n \t<li>Addis Tadesse, Amsalu Nebiyu, 2016. Nitrogen Fertilizer Management to Mitigate Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Emission in Maize Production. World Journal of Biology and Medical Sciences. Vol-3, issue 4, 64-91, October to December, 2016 ISSN 2349-0063 (Online\/Electronic).<\/li>\n \t<li>Addis Tadesse, 2016. Adaptation and Constraints of Conservation Agriculture. Journal of Biology, Agriculture, and Healthcare. Vol: ISSN 2224-3208 (Paper) ISSN 2225-093X (Online) Vol.6, No.1.<\/li>\n \t<li>Addis Tadesse, 2016. Assessment of Distribution, Biology, and Management of Maize Stem Borer (Busseola Fusca Fuller) in Ethiopia. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare ISSN 2224-3208 (Paper) ISSN 2225-093X (Online) Vol.6, No.5, 2016<\/li>\n \t<li>Addis Tadesse, Melkam Anteneh, 2016. Drought Tolerance Mechanisms in Field Crops. Journal of World Journal of Biology and Medical Sciences. Published by Society for Advancement of Science ISSN 2349-0063 (Online\/Electronic) Volume 3, Issue- 2.<\/li>\n \t<li>Assefa, M.,\u00a0Sileshi, F., Bacha, N. et al. J Plant Pathol (2018).\u00a0Seedling resistance of selected Ethiopian bread and durum wheat lines against dominant stem rust races.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42161-018-0157-0\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42161-018-0157-0<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Fitsum S., Amin M., Selvaraj T. and Mulugeta N. (2014). Field Management of Anthracnose (<em>Colletotrichum lindemuthianum<\/em>) in Common Bean through Foliar Spray Fungicides and Seed Treatment Bio-agents.\u00a0<em>Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal.<\/em>3(2): 19-25<\/li>\n \t<li>Fitsum S., Amin M., Selvaraj T. and Alemayehu A. (2014).\u00a0<em>In vitro<\/em>Evaluation of Some Fungicides and Bio-agents against Common Bean Anthracnose(<em>Colletotrichum lindemuthianum<\/em>).\u00a0<em>African Journal of Microbiology Research.<\/em>\u00a08(20): 2000-2005<\/li>\n \t<li>Basazen Fantahun\u00a0*,\u00a0Fitsum Sileshi, Tegegnwork Wondosen, Hinsene Garuma and Tesfaye\u00a0W\/\u00a0Semayat. 2019. Farmers\u2019\u00a0Varieties as an\u00a0Alternative to\u00a0Climate\u00a0Smart Agriculture, the\u00a0Case of Barley\u00a0(Hordeum vulgare L.). \u00a0<em>International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research,\u00a0<\/em>8(3), 2319-1473.<\/li>\n \t<li>Dawit Bedane Woubit, Shiferaw Eleni,\u00a0Sileshi Fitsum, Assefa Mekonnen\u00a0&amp; Aklilu Shimeles. 2021. Assessment of genetic diversity and wilt disease\u00a0resistance in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum)\u00a0germplasm from Ethiopia.\u00a0<em>Biodiversity Research Conservation,\u00a0<\/em>63: 31-40.<\/li>\n \t<li>Alemnew Muchie, Current Status of Spice Genetic Resources Conservation and Utilization in Ethiopia: A Review. <em>International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management<\/em>. Vol. 6, No. 4, 2021, pp. 163-170. doi: 10.11648\/j.ijnrem.20210604.11<\/li>\n \t<li>Alemnew Muchie, Fikirte Assefa. Impact of Climate Change on Horticultural Crops Production and Quality: A Review. American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering. Vol. 9, No. 6, 2021, pp. 156-161. doi: 10.11648\/j.bio.20210906.12<\/li>\n \t<li>Assefa,F and Srivasan.K (2016).Effect of Relative Humidity and Temperature on Shelf Life of Sorghum, Lentil and Niger Seeds. International Journal of Applied agricultural Sciences.2 (6), 83-91<\/li>\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/author\/Alemnew-Muchie\/2075972504\">Alemnew Muchie<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/author\/Demewez-Fentie\/89491854\">Demewez Fentie<\/a>(2016). Performance Evaluation of Maize Hybrids ( Zea Mays L) in Bahir Dar Zuria District , North Western Ethiopia . <a href=\"http:\/\/internationalinventjournals.org\">http:\/\/internationalinventjournals.org<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Agete Jerena Kabeto Major Red Beans Marketing Channels in Halaba Special District, International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences (IJRSAS) <em>Volume 3, Issue 12, 2017, PP 8-17 ISSN No.: 2454\u20136224<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li>Fantahun, B., Sileshi, F., Wondosen, T., Garuma, H., &amp; W\/semayate, T. (2019). <em>Farmers \u2019 Varieties as an Alternative to Climate Smart Agriculture , the Case of Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L .)<\/em>. <em>8<\/em>(3), 264\u2013271.<\/li>\n \t<li>Gotor, E., Usman, M. A., Occelli, M., Fantahun, B., Fadda, C., Kidane, Y. G., Mengistu, D., Kiros, A. Y., Mohammed, J. N., Assefa, M., Woldesemayate, T., &amp; Caracciolo, F. (2021). Wheat varietal diversification increases ethiopian smallholders\u2019 food security: Evidence from a participatory development initiative. <em>Sustainability (Switzerland)<\/em>, <em>13<\/em>(3), 1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su13031029<\/li>\n \t<li>Yohannes, Tamene; woldesemayate, T. (2017). BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION. In <em>International journal of Current Research<\/em> (Vol. 9, Issue 08). www.journalcra.com<\/li>\n \t<li>Kau\u00ea S , Jacob E, Jesse P, Carlo F, Jean-Luc J, Yosef G, Basazen F, Dejene K, Enrico P\u00e8, Svein S &amp; Matteo D (2021). Data-driven decentralized breeding increases prediction accuracy in a challenging crop production environment. Communications in Biology 4:944 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42003-021-02463-w\u00a0 www.nature.com\/commsbio.<\/li>\n \t<li>Jacob E; Eskender B.; Luis C., Kees D; Carlo F.; Basazen F; Yosef G.; Jeske G.;Arnab G.; Dejene K.;Dan K.; et al. First experience with novel farmers\u2019 citizen science approach: crowdsourcing participatory variety selection through on-farm triadic comparisons of the technologies (TRICOT). Expl Agric. (2019), volume 55 (S1), pp. 275\u2013296. doi:10.1017\/S0014479716000739<\/li>\n \t<li>Basazen F.; Fitsum S.; Tegegne W.; Hinsene G.; Tesfaye W.; (2019). Farmers varieties as an alternative to climate smart agriculture, the case of barley (Hordeum vulgare). International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and research V.8, Issue 3.<\/li>\n \t<li>Basazen F (2019) The review of wheat, its controversies and the Ethiopian context. International Journal of Current Research\u00a09(12):62882-62885. DOI:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/deref\/http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1534%2Fgenetics?_sg%5B0%5D=X04sjsiKN6MsMPgR-bpsj9WcgODz-R7F0EX4SSdRYLYGojEqy0iY4l7i4tcAHeGNGgUfIpDoVpXmWI7lFxaSSWTgGA.6E0VE9EjN4gcQvU_UfUtI7C3Tvpynmv1twv4C1W0DYxrrR8eXpyF-m2Nao0ehK_Zz4d-TzF9DinvfZxgd2LySA\">10.1534\/genetics<\/a>.<\/li>\n \t<li>Basazen F and Getachew B, (2011). Genetic variability in Triticale genotypes: What worth is the Breeding Effort? Crop Science Society of Ethiopia (CSSE). Sebil Vol.13 pp170-173. Proceedings the Thirteenth Biennial Conference, 31st Dec.2008 \u2013 2nd Jan. 2009 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.<\/li>\n \t<li>Solomon G, Basazen F, Balcha Y and Bedada G, (2007).Triticale (X Triticosecale wittmack)- A New Addition to the Ethiopian Cereals. African Crop Science Conference Proceedings Vol. 8. pp. 1991-1995<\/li>\n \t<li>Amare Seifu, Tamene Yohannes, Fissaha Asmelash and Ashenafi Ayenew (2019) Assessment on the\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">status of Osyris quadripartita Decn. in Borena, East Shewa, West and East Guji Zones, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Species, 2019, 20, 191-199.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><em> Tamirat H, Yohannes T (2018) Evaluation of the Fitness for Use of Oil Crops Spatial Datasets for\u00a0<\/em><em style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Biodiversity Conservation. Geoinfor Geostat: An Overview 6:4. doi: 10.4172\/2327-4581.1000193<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li>Tamene Yohannes and Tesfaye Weldesemayat (2017). Biotechnology and Biodiversity Conservation: Are\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">they conflicting? International Journal of Current Research. Vol. 9. Issue, 08, pp. 55427-55433, August 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>Tamene Yohannes (2017). Forest Management Solutions for Mitigating Climate Change: The Contribution of Ethiopian forests as Carbon Sink and Climate Change Mitigation. International Journal of Current Research. Vol. 9. Issue, 06, pp. 52260-52269, June, 2017<\/li>\n \t<li>Tamene Yohannes and Sebsebe Demissew (2017). Data Quality Assessment and Spatial Analysis for\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Conservation and Sustainable Use of Arabica Coffee (<\/span><em style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Coffea arabica<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\"> L.) Genetic Resources in Ethiopia. International Journal of Current Research. Vol. 9, Issue, 05, pp.51006-51013, May, 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>Tamene Yohannes (2017). <em>Prosopis juliflora<\/em> (SWARTZ) DC. Ecological Impact and Control in Ethiopia.\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">International Journal of Current Research Vol. 9, Issue, 05, pp.50936-50939, May, 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>Tamene Yohannes (2015). Diversity of Crop Wild Relatives and Edible Wild Plants in Ethiopia. J\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Biodiversity Manage &amp; Forestry Vol. 4:3.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>Tesfaye Awas and Tamene Yohannes (2015). Contribution of the Ethiopian Flora Project to the Ethiopian\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Plant Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Use. Published on the Ethiop. J. Biol. Sci., Vol. 13\/2015 (Supplement\/Special issue), Biological Society of Ethiopia, ISSN: 1819-8678.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>Abate M. The challenge of farmers\u2019 varieties of tef (Eragrostis tef (zucc.) trotter) production and on farm conservation in North West Amhara region, Ethiopia. <em>Horticult<\/em> <em>Int J.2020;4(5):187-198.DOI:10.15406\/hij.2020.04.00181<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li>Mersha Tezera. Genetic Divergence of Introduced Upland Rice Genotypes At Fogera In North Western Ethiopia. <em>Int J Plant Sci Agri.2021; 04(1):118-123.<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li>Effect of Quality seed of tef (Eragrostis tef Zucci [Trotter]) on Yield and yield related traits.<em>Vol.11(2)pp.1-4,November 2020;DOI:http:\/dx.doi.org\/10.14303\/irjps.2020.0012<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li>Mersha Tezera. Variability, Heritability and Genetic advance of introduced upland rice genotypes at Fogera, North Western Ethiopia. <em>Journal of plant studies. Vol. 10, No. 2; 2021. doi:10.5539\/jps.v10n2p30<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li>Molla Abate, Getachew Alemayehu. Biological benefits of intercropping maize with Fenugreek, field pea and haricot bean under irrigation in Fogera Plain, South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. <em>Agriculture, forestry and fisheries. Vol.7,No.1,2018,pp19-35.doi:10.11648\/j.aff.20180701.14.<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li>Molla Abate, Getachew Alemayehu. Economics of maize with Fenugreek, field pea and haricot bean in Fogera plain, North West Ethiopia. <em>Nigerian Agricultural Journal. Volume 51, Number 3, December 2020, Pg. 285-296.<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li>Mersha Tezera. The Effect of Nano Fertilizer on Teff Yield and Yield Components in Ethiopia. <em>International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences. Vol 7, No. 5, 2021, pp 237-241, doi: 10.11648\/j.ijaas.20210705.14<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li><em> Delessa Angassa* and Kassahun Tesfaye ( 2019)<\/em> <em>Diversity Study of Some Ethiopian Barley (Hordeum Vulgare (L.)) Accessions for Their Agronomical Important Trait.<\/em> <em>International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research Volume 8, Issue 1, ISSN (Online) 2319-1473<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li><em> Delessa Angassa ( 2017)<\/em> <em>Effect of Sowing Method and Seeding Rate on Yield and Yield Components of Rainfed Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties in Woliso, South-West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia. International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences 2017; 3(5): 104-110 http:\/\/www.sciencepublishinggroup.com\/j\/ijaas doi: 10.11648\/j.ijaas.20170305.11 ISSN: 2469-7877 (Print); ISSN: 2469-7885<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li><em> Delessa Angassa.( 2018) The impact of invasive alien species on the forage and pasture genetic resource diversity in the pastoral area of Afar National Regional State, Northeastern of Ethiopia.<\/em> <em>International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology (IJEAB) Vol-3, Issue-5, Sept-Oct- 2018 http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.22161\/ijeab\/3.5.46 ISSN: 2456-1878<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li><em>Delessa Angassa. Genetic Variability of Ethiopian Barley (Hordeum Vulgare (L.)) Genotypes for Yield and Yield Related Traits. Plant. Vol. 9, No. 4, 2021, pp. 101-105. doi: 10.11648\/j.plant.20210904.14<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li>: Belay, G.A.; Zhang, Z.; Xu, P. Physio-Morphological and Biochemical Trait-Based Evaluation of Ethiopian and Chinese Wheat Germplasm for Drought Tolerance at the Seedling Stage. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su13094605<\/li>\n \t<li>Kassahun Tesfaye:\u00a0Genetic diversity study of sorghum (Sorghumbicolor (L.) Moenc) genotypes, Ethiopia\u00a0Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment, 9 (2017) 44\u221254 Full text in PDF\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.acta.sapientia.ro\/acta-agrenv\/C9\/agrenv9-04.pdf\">http:\/\/www.acta.sapientia.ro\/acta-agrenv\/C9\/agrenv9-04<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Kassahun Tesfaye:\u00a0Genetic diversity study of sorghum (Sorghumbicolor (L.) Moenc) genotypes, Ethiopia\u00a0Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment, 9 (2017) 44\u221254 Full text in PDF\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.acta.sapientia.ro\/acta-agrenv\/C9\/agrenv9-04.pdf\">http:\/\/www.acta.sapientia.ro\/acta-agrenv\/C9\/agrenv9-04<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Kassahun Tesfaye, S. Mengistu:\u00a0Phenotypic characterization of Ethiopian finger millet accessions (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn), for their agronomically important traits\u00a0Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment, 9 (2017) 107\u2212118 Full text in PDF\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.acta.sapientia.ro\/acta-agrenv\/C9\/agrenv9-10.pd\">http:\/\/www.acta.sapientia.ro\/acta-agrenv\/C9\/agrenv9-10.pd<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Seblework Belaineh (MEJS) Volume 1 (2):95-105, 2009.\u00a0<b style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\"><i>Somatic Embryogenesis in Juniperus Procera using Juniperus Communis as a Model\u00a0<\/i><\/b><b style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\"><i><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">Seblework Belaineh.<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/li>\n \t<li><b style=\"font-size: 14px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\"><i><\/i><\/b>Evaluation of evolutionary populations for their agronomic performance. Proceedings of use of Genetic Diversity and Evolutionary Plant Breeding for Enhanced Farmer Resilience to Climate Change, Sustainable Crop Productivity and Nutrition under Rainfed Conditions (2023). Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT Dejene K, Basazen F, Hailu T, Maedeh S, Newal A, Shree P,Joshi BK, Rinchen D, John M, Stefania G, Salvatore C<\/li>\n \t<li>Differential responses of evolutionary populations to Biotic and a Biotic Stresses: The ecological adaptation benefit. Proceeding of use of Genetic Diversity and Evolutionary Plant Breeding for Enhanced Farmer Resilience to Climate Change, Sustainable Crop Productivity and Nutrition under Rainfed Conditions (2023). Dejene K, Hailu T, Basazen F, Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT<\/li>\n \t<li>Evaluation of durum wheat evolutionary populations for drought tolerance in Ethiopia and Iran\u00a0 Proceeding of use of Genetic Diversity and Evolutionary Plant Breeding for Enhanced Farmer Resilience to Climate Change, Sustainable Crop Productivity and Nutrition under Rainfed Conditions (2023).\u00a0 \u00a0Dejene K, Basazen F, Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT.<\/li>\n \t<li>Assessment of Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes resistance for scald (Rhyncosporium commune) and powdery mildew ((Blumeria graminis). (2023). Ethiopian Journal of Biodiversity Vol 4:2<\/li>\n \t<li>Discoveries in Agriculture and Food Sciences &#8211; Vol. 11, No. 1 Publication Date: February 25, 2023 Review Article: Agro Morphological Trait Evaluation of Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) Response to Fertilizer<\/li>\n \t<li>Research &amp; Reviews: Journal of Botanical Sciences Review on Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plant and Associated Knowledge used in Ethiopia Received: 31-May &#8211; 2023, Published: 30-Jun -2023, DOI: 10.4172\/2320-0189.11.7.005<\/li>\n \t<li>International Journal of Basic Sciences and Applied Computing (IJBSAC) ISSN: 2394-367X (Online), Volume-10 Issue-5, January 2024 Review on Rooting and Shooting Growth Performance of Populus Alba in Hydroponic Soil Cultures<\/li>\n \t<li>Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 2024; 9(1): 1-8 http:\/\/www.sciencepublishinggroup.com\/j\/eeb Major Dominant Invasive Alien Plant Species, Land Uses Types and Their Management Practice in Dedessa, Bedelle and Chora Districts, Buno Bedelle Zone, Southwest Ethiopia<\/li>\n \t<li>Published in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Volume 8, Issue 3) 22 August 2023 Diversity and Composition of Homegarden Agroforestry Implication for Biodiversity Conservation in Bure District, Ilubabor\nZone, Southwest Ethiopia<\/li>\n \t<li>International Journal of Research in Agricultural Sciences Multivariate Analysis of Variability in EthiopianBarley (Hordeum Vulgare ) Wereda Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia ,Date of publication 18\/01\/2023<\/li>\n \t<li>Hindawi Scientifica Volume 2023, Article ID 5575405, 19 pages https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/5575405 An Ethnobotanical Survey of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants Used by Communities to Treat Various Diseases around Ensaro District, North Shewa Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia<\/li>\n \t<li>&#8216;Valuating Households&#8217; Willingness to Pay for Conservation of Forest Coffee (Coffea arabica) Application of Contingent Valuation Technique: Evidence From the Kafa Zone Southwest of Ethiopia,&amp;quot; Scientifica, vol. 2024, Article ID 5516835, 11 pages, 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/sci5\/5516835.<\/li>\n \t<li>Agro Morphological Trait and Yield Component Evaluation of Malt Barley (Hordeum Distichon L.) Varieties Response to the Rate of Fertilizer in Habro Woreda West Hararghe Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, DOI: 10.54105\/ijab.B1032.04010424<\/li>\n \t<li>Review of Plant Genetic Resources, Utilization and Conservation of Genetic Resources, DOI: 10.35940\/ijbsac.I0514.10090524<\/li>\n \t<li>Assessing the impact of varying combined fertilizer rates on the yields of potato varieties in central Ethiopia Getu Tulu1 \u00b7 Nano Alemu2\u00b7 Girma Chala3 Vegetos https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42535-025-01175-4<\/li>\n \t<li>Genetic Variability and Association of Morpho-Agronomic Traits Among Ethiopian Barley (Hordeum vulgare L) Accessions https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/sci5\/3957883 Alemayehu Zewodu,\u00a0 Wassu Mohammed ,\u00a0Eleni Shiferaw<\/li>\n \t<li>Exploring Genetic Variability and Morpho-Agronomic Trait Associations Among Ethiopian Flax (Linum Usitatissimum L.) Accessions for Enhanced Fiber and Seed Yield https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15440478.2024.2391005 Gizie Abeje &amp; Alemayehu Zewodu Article: 2391005 | Published online: 18 Aug 2024<\/li>\n \t<li>Phenotypic variability, heritability and GGE biplot analysis for agronomic traits in Ethiopian sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes Wubshet Mamo<sup> a \u00a0 b <\/sup>, Muluken Enyew<sup>b<\/sup> , Tilahun Mekonnen<sup>b<\/sup> , Kassahun Tesfaye<sup>b c<\/sup>, Tileye<\/li>\n \t<li>The association between hordein polypeptide banding and agronomic traits in partitioning genetic diversity in six-rowed Ethiopian barley lines (Hordeum vulgare L.) Basazen Fantahun,\u00a0 Tesfaye Woldesemayate &amp; Eleni Shiferaw https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12870-023-04117-x<\/li>\n \t<li>The genomic and bioclimatic characterization of Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) unveils challenges and opportunities to adapt to a changing climate Leonardo Caproni, Basazen Fantahun Lakew, Seyoum Asefie Kassaw, Mara Miculan, Jemal Seid Ahmed, Simona Grazioli, Yosef Gebrehawaryat Kidane, Carlo Fadda, Mario Enrico P\u00e8, Matteo Dell&amp;#39;Acqua https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gcb.16560<\/li>\n \t<li>Multivariate analysis in the dissection of phenotypic variation of Ethiopian cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp Vulgare L.) genotypes Basazen Fantahun,Tesfaye Woldesemayate ,Carlo Fadda ,Yosef Gebrehawaryat Enrico Pe &amp; Matteo Dell Acqua<\/li>\n \t<li>Phenotypic variability, heritability and GGE biplot analysis for agronomic traits in Ethiopian sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes Wubshet Mamo<sup>a b<\/sup> , Muluken Enyew<sup>b<\/sup>, Tilahun Mekonnen<sup>b<\/sup>, Kassahun Tesfaye<sup>b c<\/sup>, Tileye Feyiss<sup>a b<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4><strong>Ongoing<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ol>\n \t<li>Taxonomic identifications and Evaluation of Ethiopian Wheat (<em>Triticum <\/em> varieties) using Morphological Traits and Molecular Markers in response to climate change Under Different Agroclimatic Zones<\/li>\n \t<li>Ethno botanical study of medicinal spices at kedida gamela worada kamibate tembaro zone Southern Netion Nationality of Ethiopia<\/li>\n \t<li>Evaluation of wheat lines for seedling and adult plant resistance against dominant stem rust races<\/li>\n \t<li>Genetic diversity and genome wide association mapping of Pheno-agro- morphologic traits of Ethiopian Hulles Barley Lines.<\/li>\n \t<li>Economic valuation of forest coffee at Kaffa forest<\/li>\n \t<li>Evaluation of Ethiopian Barley Lines (<em>Hordium vulgare<\/em> (L)) for yield, yield related traits and Major Barley diseases<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4><strong>Proceeding <\/strong><\/h4>\n<ol>\n \t<li>K. Colton Flynn and Sintayehu Admas, Dejenne Dida and Tariku Geda\u00a0 (2019) Utilization of <em>In-situ<\/em> Imaging Spectroscopy to Delineate Plant and Grain Protein Composition of <em>Eragrostis tef<\/em> in Different Agro-Ecologies, Proceeding of the 8<sup>th<\/sup> National research conference on research for sustainable development, Dilla University 17-19 May 2018<\/li>\n \t<li>K. Colton Flynn and Sintayehu Admas Tariku Geda, and Dejenne Dida (2019) Employing Imaging Spectroscopy for an Ethiopian Lodging Crop to Predict Plant Health: A Case Study of <em>Eragrostis tef.<\/em> 7<sup>th<\/sup> Digital Earth Summit 2018. IOP Conference Series <em>\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n \t<li>Daniel Admasu, Wondafrash Mulugeta, and Sintayehu Admas, 2008. Performance of Groundnut (Arachis hypogea) Varieties in the lowlands of North Shewa.In Ermias,A.,\u00a0 Akalu,T., Alemayehu ,A.G,Melaku, W.,Tlahun\u00a0 and Wondimu, B.(eds).2008. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Regional Conference on Completed Crop Research Activities, 14-17 August 2006.Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.<\/li>\n \t<li>Daniel Admasu, Wondafrash Mulugeta, and Sintayehu Admas, (2008). Evaluation of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Varieties in the lowlands of North Shewa. In Ermias,A.,Akalu,T.,Alemayehu ,A.G,Melaku, W.,Tlahun\u00a0 and Wondimu, B.(eds).2008. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Regional Conference on Completed Crop Research Activities, 14-17 August 2006.Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.<\/li>\n \t<li>Wondafrash Mulugeta, Daniel Admasu and Sintayehu Admas, (2010). Progress of Sesame and Ground nut Breeding Research in North Shewa, Ethiopia. Proceedings of the 2nd National Workshop of Oilseeds in Ethiopia, 24-26 March 2010. Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4><strong>National Reports<\/strong><\/h4>\nThe status of crop genetic resources has been documented in detail in:\n<ul>\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n \t<li>Country reports on the State of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (2008, 2012)<\/li>\n \t<li>National Reports to the Convention on Biological Diversity (2009, 2014)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-171d090 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"171d090\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e5467ed\" data-id=\"e5467ed\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6440c6 gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"c6440c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-1679 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-medium'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c6440c6\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"1.-Diversity-in-teff\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mjg1MSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2ViaS5nb3YuZXRcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjFcLzA1XC8xLi1EaXZlcnNpdHktaW4tdGVmZi5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiJjNjQ0MGM2In0%3D\" href='https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/1.-Diversity-in-teff.jpg'><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"211\" src=\"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/1.-Diversity-in-teff.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c6440c6\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"2.-Seed-germination-testing\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mjg1MiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2ViaS5nb3YuZXRcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjFcLzA1XC8yLi1TZWVkLWdlcm1pbmF0aW9uLXRlc3RpbmcuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYzY0NDBjNiJ9\" href='https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.-Seed-germination-testing.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2.-Seed-germination-testing.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c6440c6\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"3.-Long-term-seed-storage-10oC\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mjg1MywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2ViaS5nb3YuZXRcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjFcLzA1XC8zLi1Mb25nLXRlcm0tc2VlZC1zdG9yYWdlLTEwb0MuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYzY0NDBjNiJ9\" href='https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/3.-Long-term-seed-storage-10oC.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/3.-Long-term-seed-storage-10oC.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c6440c6\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"4.-Field-genebank-coffee\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mjg1NCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2ViaS5nb3YuZXRcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjFcLzA1XC80Li1GaWVsZC1nZW5lYmFuay1jb2ZmZWUuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYzY0NDBjNiJ9\" href='https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/4.-Field-genebank-coffee.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/4.-Field-genebank-coffee.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c6440c6\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"5.-Community-seed-bank\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mjg1NSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2ViaS5nb3YuZXRcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjFcLzA1XC81Li1Db21tdW5pdHktc2VlZC1iYW5rLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImM2NDQwYzYifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/5.-Community-seed-bank.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"209\" src=\"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/5.-Community-seed-bank.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c6440c6\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"6.-Participatory-variety-selection\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Mjg1NiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2ViaS5nb3YuZXRcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjFcLzA1XC82Li1QYXJ0aWNpcGF0b3J5LXZhcmlldHktc2VsZWN0aW9uLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImM2NDQwYzYifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/6.-Participatory-variety-selection.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"211\" src=\"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/6.-Participatory-variety-selection.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Background Ethiopia is one of the eight Vavilovian centers of diversity or one of the twelve mega-centers of biodiversity. The country\u2019s enormous wealth in crop genetic resources is attributed to its macro and micro climatic variability, altitudinal variation, variation in physio-geographic features and diverse farming systems. The country also has vast cultural diversity, which have [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":606,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1679","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Mohammed Rediwan","author_link":"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/am\/author\/mohammedebi\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":null,"rttpg_excerpt":"Background Ethiopia is one of the eight Vavilovian centers of diversity or one of the twelve mega-centers of biodiversity. The country\u2019s enormous wealth in crop genetic resources is attributed to its macro and micro climatic variability, altitudinal variation, variation in physio-geographic features and diverse farming systems. The country also has vast cultural diversity, which have&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1679","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1679"}],"version-history":[{"count":31,"href":"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1679\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15451,"href":"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1679\/revisions\/15451"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/606"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebi.gov.et\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1679"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}